"On June 17, 1941, Joe Breen started working at RKO, leaving his assistant, Shurlock, to unofficially head the PCA. By the time Breen returned to the PCA in 1942, countless "Non-Code" films had been passed by the weakened PCA, reflecting Pre-Code standards or eerily foreshadowing the post-Breen era, when Shurlock would take over permanently. .."